最近，一项最新的研究显示，常饮脱脂和低脂牛奶，女性可减缓退化性关节炎恶化。但是如果女性吃奶酪，反而可能会加速退化性关节炎病程，至于酸奶则对退化性关节炎病程影响不大，无论对男性、女性患者都一样。
 

一项新的研究显示，女性常饮用脱脂和低脂牛奶，也许可减缓退化性关节炎恶化。但是，如果女性吃奶酪，反而可能会加速退化性关节炎病程，至于酸奶则对退化性关节炎病程影响不大，无论对男性、女性患者都一样。
 

发表在最近出版的《关节炎护理与研究》期刊上的这项研究称，退化性关节炎常造成关节疼痛、肿胀，像膝关节、髋关节、手部关节都可能出现退化性关节炎。
 

在美国25岁以上的人群中，约有近2700万人患有退化性关节炎，女性患者往往比男性患者来得多，且症状也较为严重。医学证据已经显示，肥胖、关节曾受过伤、反复使用关节等因素都会增加退化性关节炎发生风险。
 

美国布里根妇女医院的研究人员对2148名男女退化性膝关节炎患者进行了研究。研究人员分析了这些男女的饮食情况，并以X光评估退化性关节炎病情。然后在12个月、24个月、36个月、48个月后进行追踪。
 

研究结果显示，女性退化性关节炎患者如果没有喝牛奶习惯，关节退化最为严重，而一周饮用7杯以上牛奶（一杯牛奶八盎司）的女性患者关节退化程度较轻微，但男性就没有明显差别。
 

研究人员通过这项大规模研究，想了解摄取乳制品对退化性关节炎病程是否会有影响。该研究结果发现，喝牛奶对维持骨头健康非常重要。
 

Milk consumption and progression of medial tibiofemoral knee osteoarthritis: Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative

文献检索：DOI: 10.1002/acr.22297

Objectives: Milk consumption has long been recognized for its important role in bone health, but its role in the progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA) is unclear. We examine the prospective association of milk consumption with radiographic progression of knee OA.

Methods: In the Osteoarthritis Initiative, 2,148 participants (3,064 knees) with radiographic knee OA and having dietary data at baseline were followed up to 12, 24, 36 and 48 months. The milk consumption was assessed with a Block Brief Food Frequency Questionnaire completed at baseline. To evaluate progression of OA, we used quantitative joint space width (JSW) between the medial femur and tibia of the knee based on plain radiographs. The multivariate linear models for repeated measures were used to test the independent association between milk intake and the decrease in JSW over time, while adjusting for baseline disease severity, body mass index, dietary factors and other potential confounders.

Results: We observed a significant dose-response relationship between baseline milk intake and adjusted mean decrease of JSW in women (p trend=0.014). With increasing levels of milk intake (none, ≤3, 4-6, and ≥7 glasses/week), the mean decreases of JSW were 0.38mm, 0.29mm, 0.29mm and 0.26mm respectively. In men, we observed no significant association between milk consumption and the decreases of JSW.

Conclusion: Our results suggest that frequent milk consumption may be associated with reduced OA progression in women. Replication of these novel findings in other prospective studies demonstrating the increase in milk consumption leads to delay in knee OA progression are needed. ? 2014 American College of Rheumatology.

本文来源：生物探索