3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶单克隆抗体(内参抗体)

免疫原 ：KLH conjugated

亚型 ：IgG

形态 ：冻干粉

保存条件 ：Store at -20 °C for one year

克隆性 ：多克隆

标记物 ：见说明书

适应物种 ：见说明书

宿主 ：Rabbit

应用范围 ：WB=1:500-2000 ELISA=1:500-1000 IHC-P=1:400-800 IHC-F=1:400-800 IF=1:100-500

浓度 ：1mg/ml

靶点 ：见说明书

抗体英文名 ：GAPDH-Loading Control

抗体名 ：3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶单克隆免疫组化荧光抗体(内参免疫组化荧光抗体)

规格 ：100ul

英文名称GAPDH(3E12)-Loading Control
中文名称3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶单克隆抗体(内参抗体)
别    名38 kDa BFA-dependent ADP-ribosylation substrate; Aging-associated gene 9 protein; BARS-38; cb609; EC 1.2.1.12; G3PD; G3PDH; GAPD; Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase;Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase liver;Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase muscle; KNC-NDS6; MGC102544; MGC102546; MGC103190; MGC103191; MGC105239; MGC127711; MGC88685; OCAS, p38 component; OCT1 coactivator in S phase, 38-KD component; wu:fb33a10.  

规格价格50ul/580元 购买    100ul/920元 购买    200ul/1600元 购买    大包装/询价
说 明 书50ul  100ul  200ul
产品类型内参抗体 
研究领域肿瘤  免疫学  神经生物学  信号转导  通道蛋白  新陈代谢  Alzheimer's  
抗体来源Mouse
克隆类型Monoclonal
克 隆 号3E12
交叉反应 Human, Mouse, Rat, Rabbit, 
产品应用WB=1:500-5000 ELISA=1:1000-5000 IHC-P=1:400-800 IHC-F=1:400-800 IF=1:100-500 （石蜡切片需做抗原修复） 
not yet tested in other applications.
optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
分 子 量38kDa
细胞定位细胞核 细胞浆 细胞膜 
性    状Lyophilized or Liquid
浓    度1mg/ml
免 疫 原Full length GAPDH protein purified from rabbit muscle: 
亚    型IgG
纯化方法affinity purified by Protein G
储 存 液0.01M TBS(pH7.4) with 1% BSA, 0.03% Proclin300 and 50% Glycerol.
保存条件Store at -20 °C for one year. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. The lyophilized antibody is stable at room temperature for at least one month and for greater than a year when kept at -20°C. When reconstituted in sterile pH 7.4 0.01M PBS or diluent of antibody the antibody is stable for at least two weeks at 2-4 °C.
PubMedPubMed
产品介绍background:
Loading Control
Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is well known as one of the key enzymes involved in glycolysis. As well as functioning as a glycolytic enzyme in cytoplasm, recent evidence suggests that mammalian GAPDH is also involved in a great number of intracellular proceses such as membrane fusion, microtubule bundling, phosphotransferase activity, nuclear RNA export, DNA replication, and DNA repair. During the last decade a lot of data appeared concerning the role of GAPDH in different pathologies including prostate cancer progression, programmed neuronal cell death, age related neuronal diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Huntington's disease. GAPDH is expressed in all cells. It is constitutively expressed in almost all tissues at high levels. There are however some physiological factors such as hypoxia and diabetes that increase GAPDH expression in certain cell types. GAPDH molecule is composed of four 36kDa subunits.

Function:
Has both glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and nitrosylase activities, thereby playing a role in glycolysis and nuclear functions, respectively. Participates in nuclear events including transcription, RNA transport, DNA replication and apoptosis. Nuclear functions are probably due to the nitrosylase activity that mediates cysteine S-nitrosylation of nuclear target proteins such as SIRT1, HDAC2 and PRKDC. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is a key enzyme in glycolysis that catalyzes the first step of the pathway by converting D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) into 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate.

Subunit:
Homotetramer. Interacts with TPPP; the interaction is direct. Interacts (when S-nitrosylated) with SIAH1; leading to nuclear translocation. Interacts with RILPL1/GOSPEL, leading to prevent the interaction between GAPDH and SIAH1 and prevent nuclear translocation. Interacts with EIF1AD, USP25, PRKCI and WARS.

Subcellular Location:
Cytoplasm, cytosol. Nucleus. Cytoplasm, perinuclear region. Membrane. Note=Translocates to the nucleus following S-nitrosylation and interaction with SIAH1, which contains a nuclear localization signal. Postnuclear and Perinuclear regions.

Post-translational modifications:
S-nitrosylation of Cys-152 leads to interaction with SIAH1, followed by translocation to the nucleus. 
ISGylated (Probable). 
Sulfhydration at Cys-152 increases catalytic activity.

Similarity:
Belongs to the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family.

SWISS:
P46406

Gene ID:
100009074

Database links:
Entrez Gene: 374193 Chicken
Entrez Gene: 2597 Human
Entrez Gene: 100042025 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 14433 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 24383 Rat
Entrez Gene: 685186 Rat
Entrez Gene: 317743 Zebrafish
Omim: 138400 Human
SwissProt: P00356 Chicken
SwissProt: P04406 Human
SwissProt: P16858 Mouse
SwissProt: P04797 Rat
SwissProt: Q5XJ10 Zebrafish


Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications. 

GAPDH蛋白几乎在所有组织中都高水平表达，广泛用作Western blot蛋白质标准化的内参,是很好的内参抗体。
GAPDH 作为管家基因在同种细胞或者组织中的蛋白质表达量一般是恒定的。在实验中，可能存在总蛋白浓度测定不准确；或者蛋白质样品在电泳前上样时产生的样品间的操作误差；这些误差需要通过测定每个样品中实际转到膜上的GAPDH的含量来进行校正，所以一般的western实验都需要进行内参设置。具体校正的方法就是将每个样品测得的目的蛋白含量与本样品的GAPDH含量相除，得到每个样品目的蛋白的相对含量。然后才进行样品与样品之间的比较。
甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶（Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase，GAPDH）是糖酵解（glycolysis）过程中的关键酶。除了在胞质中作为糖酵解的酶以外，有证据表明哺乳动物细胞中的GAPDH参与了多种胞内生化过程，包括膜融合（membrane fusion）、微管成束（microtubule bundling）、磷酸转移酶（phosphotransferase）激活、核内RNA出核、DNA复制与DNA修复。一些生理因素，诸如低氧（hypoxia）和尿糖（diabetes），可以增加GAPDH在特定细胞中的表达。GAPDH存在于几乎所有的组织中，以高水平持续表达。
GAPDH（甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶）是参与糖酵解的一种关键酶，由4个30－40kDa的亚基组成.

产品图片

Sample:  Placenta (Mouse) Lysate at 40 ug 293T Cell Lysate at 40 ug Primary: Anti-GAPDH(bsm-0978M)at 1/1000 dilution Secondary: IRDye800CW Goat Anti-RabbitIgG at 1/20000 dilution Predicted band size: 38kD Observed band size: 38kD Sample: Bladder(Rat)Lysate at 40 ug Primary: Anti-GAPDH(bsm-0978M)at 1/300 dilution Secondary: IRDye800CW Goat Anti-RabbitIgG at 1/20000 dilution Predicted band size: 38kD Observed band size: 38kD Sample:Liver(Mouse)Lysate at 40 ug Primary: Anti-GAPDH(bsm-0978M)at 1/300 dilution Secondary: IRDye800CW Goat Anti-Mouse IgG at 1/20000 dilution Predicted band size: 38kD Observed band size: 38kD Sample:  Cerebrum (Mouse) Lysate at 40 ug Primary: Anti-GAPDH(3E12)-Loading Control (bsm-0978M) at 1/1000 dilution Secondary: IRDye800CW Goat Anti-Mouse IgG at 1/20000 dilution Predicted band size: 38 kD Observed band size: 38 kD Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded (Rat pancreas); Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with (GAPDH(3E12)-Loading Control) Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (bsm-0978M) at 1:500 overnight at 4°C, followed by a conjugated secondary (sp-0023) for 20 minutes and DAB staining.