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The Human KRAS Gene qBiomarker Somatic Mutation PCR Array allows the detection of 20 unique mutations in the human KRAS gene. KRAS, a proto-oncogene and a member of the small GTPase superfamily, performs an essential function in normal cellular signaling, including proliferation, differentiation, and senescence signaling. Previous scientific reports have shown a strong association between mutations in the KRAS gene and leukemia as well as cancers of the colon, lung, and pancreas. The KRAS mutations found in cancer samples are predominately missense point mutations in codon positions 12, 13, and 61 that result in reduced intrinsic GTPase activity and/or unresponsiveness to RasGAP. The DNA sequence mutation assays in the array detect the most frequent mutations in KRAS compiled from nearly 24,000 reported cancer sample sequences. Each mutation assay is bench-tested for the sensitive detection of a low percentage of mutation-containing DNA in a background of wild-type genomic DNA. The 96-well format of this array profiles the mutation status of 4 samples, while the 384-well array format profiles 16 samples, and each set of plates includes qPCR mastermix. Using real-time PCR, research studies can easily and reliably detect a panel of mutations in the KRAS gene with this array.
| Nucleotide Change | Amino Acid Change | Mutation Frequency |
| c.35G>A | p.G12D | 0.287 |
| c.35G>T | p.G12V | 0.191 |
| c.38G>A | p.G13D | 0.101 |
| c.34G>T | p.G12C | 0.098 |
| c.35G>C | p.G12A | 0.047 |
| c.34G>A | p.G12S | 0.045 |
| c.34G>C | p.G12R | 0.028 |
| c.37G>T | p.G13C | 0.007 |
| c.183A>C | p.Q61H | 0.003 |
| c.37G>A | p.G13S | 0.002 |
| c.182A>T | p.Q61L | 0.002 |
| c.183A>T | p.Q61H | 0.002 |
| c.436G>A | p.A146T | 0.002 |
| c.37G>C | p.G13R | 0.002 |
| c.182A>G | p.Q61R | 0.002 |
| c.34_35GG>TT | p.G12F | 0.001 |
| c.38G>C | p.G13A | 0.001 |
| c.181C>A | p.Q61K | 0.001 |
| c.38_39GC>AT | p.G13D | 0.001 |
| c.38G>T | p.G13V | 0.001 |
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